![]() I especially love the goal features for word count and page count. I love the workflow, being able to keep all of my drafts, documents, and research for a project in one place, and exporting it into multiple formats. I first heard of it during NaNoWriMo, but I’ve found that’s my preferred drafting software for manuscripts. ScrivenerĪll of my writing friends will tell you that I swear by Scrivener. Here are some basic similarities and differences between Scrivener and Final Draft. Personally, I use the macOS and iOS versions of both, so I don’t know if there are any differences between those versions and the Windows version. Both are available for macOS, Windows, and iOS. If you’re like me, you get a bit anxious before making a software purchase because it feels like too permanent a decision.Ĭhances are, you’ve heard of either Scrivener or Final Draft. You can spend hours researching and debating programs, guessing until you find one you like. That said don’t hold me to that advice.When you’re picking a writing software, it can be hard to know which one is the best for you. At $249 it’s a bit pricey but as long as you’re working on your next great screenplay featuring a robot that falls in love with a washing machine it is, presumably, a tax write off. Being able to add in photos and other multimedia is icing on the cake, so to speak.įinal Draft is now aiming at a more general audience and, while there are plugins for scriptwriting in Word and Google Docs, many screenwriters swear by the software. The collaboration features are excellent, however, and great improvement over the previous versions. I’ve used Final Draft for a year now – I wrote a script with a college friend – and I didn’t notice much of a UX/UI difference between Final Draft 10 and 11. There is also a Night Mode for when you’re deep in thought and that third midnight glass of Burgundy as you puzzle out a messy plot point. You can also add images to scripts, a feature aimed at graphic novel writers and game creators. It also adds tagging so you can break down scripts in terms of props, animals, actors, budgets, and schedules. The system now also includes voice-to-text capabilities so you can dictate your next screenplay just by talking to your computer. ![]() You can also use the room to brainstorm ideas using the Beat Board view, essentially a cork board that makes it easy to put up ideas, scenes, or characters. ![]() Final Draft creates a chatroom where you and your collaborators can sit and work together on a single document and the changes are visible on all copies of the text. The most important change is the decidedly proprietary collaboration system. Now the latest version is beginning to offer many competitive features including collaboration tools and powerful formatting tricks. While most of us are content with Word or Google Docs, screenwriters have gotten used to Final Draft’s unique key combinations and styling but made do with software that was, to be fair, far behind the state of the art. It’s an app dedicated to writing and developing screenplays and it has stood the test of time, going through 11 iterations to reach this latest version, the pinnacle of screenwriting warez. ![]() Of all the fascinating apps to be found out in the wild I’m especially enamored of Final Draft. ![]()
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![]() There's a KVM switch, too, so you can use one keyboard and mouse across the two devices. Like many of the best ultrawide monitors, the Dell U4919DW allows you to connect two different inputs to the screen, so you could also use all that space to view the screens of two different devices, which can be handy if you work across say a computer and a tablet. The huge desktop area can accommodate two full-screen applications side by side, which we find is a real boon for speeding up productivity, since there's no need to switch between windows or tool panes. Like the Samsung, Philips and AOC 49in screens higher up in our list, this screen will seem enormous for anyone who uses a single standard monitor, but again we think this is a much tidier option for those who use two monitors side by side. The refresh rate and response time are also reasonably fast for gaming. We find it offers superb image quality, with 108 pixels per inch providing lots of screen space and vivid details without scaling, while the backlight's quantum dot enhanced film layer enhances the colour gamut to 95% DCI-P3 (equal to 125% sRGB) for more vibrant, lifelike colours. Like our other choices of monitors of this size, it offers multiple inputs and a picture-in-picture mode so you can connect two devices and use them together. We've rated this higher than the Philips below mainly for value as it's significantly cheaper, while still having great specs for creatives and gamers. The Samsung G9's massive screen can offer a great boost to productivity if your desk can hold it. But this trio of stunning screens are all 32:9, effectively giving you the space of two 16:9 monitors side by side, but with less of a footprint on your desk. A standard monitor has an aspect ratio of 16:9, and most of the monitors in our pick of the best ultrawides are 21:9. There's ultrawide, and then there are monitors like the Samsung G9 (and the Dell U4919DW and Philips 499P9H further down on our list) with whopping 49in screens. ![]() The best ultrawide monitors available now Remember that whatever screen you go for, if you're using it for visual design, you'll want one of the best monitor calibrator tools unless the display comes with one included. ![]() If you decide not to go for an ultrawide, take a look at our guides to the best 4K monitors, or if you do a lot of Zoom calls, you might want one of the best monitors with webcam. We've chosen the best ultrawide monitors at different sizes, from 34in right up to 49in, including the best curved ultrawide monitors, and we've considered different needs including graphic design, photo and video editing, gaming and general productivity.įor tips on how to choose the best ultrawide monitor for you, see the questions section at the bottom. We've compared the advantages and disadvantages of each, analysing resolution, brightness, response time and colour accuracy. Below, we've picked out the best ultrawide monitors based on our own reviews as well as recommendations from regulator contributors to the site. ![]() ![]() As his English improved, Charles Boyer began to appear in English speaking films, including a small pivotal role in the Jean Harlow vehicle, “Red Headed Woman” in 1932. His deep sensual voice was an asset with the coming of sound films, and he made his way to Hollywood in 1929 under contract to MGM, where he appeared in foreign-language versions of MGM films for European audiences. After studying acting at the Paris Conservatory, he became one of the most popular romantic leading men on the 1920’s Paris stage while beginning to appear in silent French films in 1920. Born in France, Charles Boyer aspired to become a theatre actor at a very young age. Boyer was the perfect choice for this role, as he had become one of the screen’s great lovers, known for portraying sophisticated, often unattainable romantic leads. I’ll have a bit more to say about his performance after you watch the film. He brings an irresistible sweetness and romance. Watch him early in the film on the balcony of the Hotel Del Lago with “Paula”. With his French accent and suave demeanor, Boyer manages to seduce “Paula” and the viewer. “Gaslight” stars Charles Boyer as “Gregory Anton/Sergis Bauer”. I’ve written about George Cukor in five previous posts, “Camille”, “Born Yesterday”, “ The Philadelphia Story”, “ Gone With the Wind”, and “The Wizard of Oz”, where you can find out more about him and his stellar career. A 1940 British film version starring Anton Walbrook and Diana Wynyard was made prior to this Hollywood interpretation. “Gaslight” is further proof of that expertise, as this film is based on a 1938 British play by Patrick Hamilton titled “Gas Light” (called "Angel Street” in the US production). He was a crackerjack at adapting theatrical plays into films, such as "Dinner at Eight,", "Romeo and Juliet", " The Philadelphia Story", "My Fair Lady", and "Born Yesterday”. His work here is inseparable from the film’s greatness. Through his use of creative camera angles and movements, shadows, ceilings, flickering gas lamps, and knowing the perfect spot to place the camera, Cukor creates an authentically vivid and fearsome world. In fact, to this day "gaslight" has become an expression - which I'll talk about in the READ AFTER VIEWING SECTION below. He manages to infuse “Gaslight” with just enough uneasiness and alarm to keep the film riveting, while remaining plausible. The man behind this fantastic film is none other than legendary director George Cukor. If you want to get lost in electrifying entertainment, this film will do it. ![]() “Gaslight” was nominated for seven Academy Awards (including Best Picture), and won two. ![]() This film is a rich example of the best of classic cinema. After focusing on the mind-blowing direction of George Cukor and the incomparable set design, I’ve ultimately come to realize “Gaslight” is a shining, rare film in which all of its elements masterfully blend in a seamless fashion, simply creating first-class entertainment. When I paid close attention to the compelling story and tight script, I thought that might be the power behind this classic. Then there are also the spot-on performances of Joseph Cotten, Dame May Whitty, Angela Lansbury, and Barbara Everest. A few screenings later I noticed the brilliance of leading man Charles Boyer, and I thought this film stood out because these two were so believable and had such exciting chemistry. I first thought the allure of the film came solely from the astonishing performance by its leading lady Ingrid Bergman. Even after you know its twists and turns, this suspenseful love story gone awry is so gripping it still keeps you glued to your seat. ![]() Other films come and go, but “Gaslight” remains on my Top Ten Favorite Films list ever since I first saw it decades ago. ![]() ![]() ![]() Stop Motion Studio supports Shared iPad and can be configured by a mobile device management system. Shared iPad and Mobile Device Management.Sync projects across all your devices using iCloud. Use quick shortcuts on your MacBook Pro TouchBar. Rearrange frames and copy frames between projects. Use your headphones volume button, your Apple Watch, or a Bluetooth device as a remote shutter release.Įxport your movie as an iMessage sticker. Start a project on a mobile device and finish on your desktop device.Ĭreate movies in Ultra High Definition with four times the resolution of Full HD.Ĭreate stunning animations from a video clip by painting over it, frame by frame. Manage projects directly using the files app. ![]() Whether you're using iOS, macOS, Android, Windows, Chromebook, or Amazon Fire HD, you can easily start a project on one device and finish it on another.Ĭonnect a keyboard or external keypad to your device for faster workflow.Įxport your movie to Youtube, Instagram, or other social media sites.Ĭreate a stunning time-lapse recording with the built-in interval capture feature.Ĭreate an ordered list of all frames in your movie for further processing.Īdopt a dark appearance to focus on content. ![]() Stop Motion Studio Brings Out the LEGO Moviemaking Geek in All of Us.Ĭreate and edit stop-motion projects seamlessly across all your devices. Stop Motion Studio makes it easy to create your own stop-motion movies.Īll you need is an iPhone or iPad, a tripod, the right software, and a bit of creativity. Stop-motion animation is a great way to bring toys and other objects to life - and learn the basics of filmmaking. You can use VEED’s screen recorder as an instant GIF maker app by capturing your screen. Stop Motion Studio has been seen on various TV shows around the world and has earned a reputation as the go-to app whether you are a beginner or a professional stop motion animator. It was featured as 'App of the Week', on Apples Keynote, and on Apple TV Ads. Stop Motion Studio has received widespread recognition and has been honored with numerous awards. ![]() ![]() Although OSHA does not fine federal agencies, it does monitor these agencies and conducts federal workplace inspections in response to workers' complaints. Young people pepper their conversations with this adjective, responding to their friends’ stories with a chorus of ¡Qué guay (How cool) 2. ![]() Federal agencies must have a safety and health program that meet the same standards as private employers. ¡Qué guay How do you say it Gwai What does it mean and how is it used It means cool, awesome or great. 0:00 / 11:18 Intro How to Think in Spanish (and Stop Translating in Your Head) Real Fast Spanish 71. Because these stem differences vary across different tenses, subjects, and verbs, irregular verbs are quite unpredictable, and students often have to learn them by heart. State and Local Government Workers - Workers at state and local government agencies are not covered by Federal OSHA, but have OSH Act protections if they work in one of the states or territories that have an OSHA-approved state program.įederal Government Workers - OSHA's protection applies to all federal agencies. For example, when it is conjugated in the present tense and first-person subject, it becomes yo pienso ( I think). To find the contact information for the OSHA Federal or State Program office nearest you, see the Regional and Area Offices map. Skip the Grammar Why would you start improving your fluency in Spanish by skipping the grammar It sounds counter-intuitive, but hear me out. think what you’ve done piense en lo que hizo. to think evil thoughts tener malos pensamientos. to think great thoughts pensar cosas profundas tener pensamientos profundos. State-run health and safety programs must be at least as effective as the Federal OSHA program. ( choose) think of a number piensa en un nmero. jurisdictions either directly through Federal OSHA or through an OSHA-approved state plan. In Christianity, tú also is used when addressing God in prayer. ![]() ![]() Private Sector Workers - OSHA covers most private sector employers and workers in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and other U.S. Dark Fantasy Lyrics: You might think youve peeped the scene / You havent. More specifically, the singular informal tú (as the subject of a sentence) is used when speaking with family members, children, pets, friends, or close acquaintances, while usted is used when speaking with others. ![]() ![]() ![]() #1 Fire Hall, 1725 Broadway Street Port Coquitlam, BC V3C 2M9. Attention then turned to Melanson, who was on duty at the station the night of the fire and the only one with access to the radios. July 15 is National Pet Fire Safety Day! Alicia Banks is a former Metpro trainee at the Los Angeles Times. A former battalion chief for the Compton Fire Department who once appeared on a reality television show has been charged with setting fire to his own department's headquarters in an embezzlement scheme.Marcel Melanson pleaded not guilty Friday to arson and embezzlement.Los Angeles County Sheriff's investigators say the 15-year department veteran stole radios that were intended to be part of a communications upgrade, then set the headquarters on fire in December in an attempt to conceal the theft. As you stay cozy and warm this winter season, be fire smart! Apr 16, 2014. Randolph: Ellis Grove Volunteer Fire Department- $25,800. He was featured on the BET reality series First In. ![]() 11, 2011, Melanson reportedly set fire to radio equipment that then caused extensive damage to the Compton Fire Department's headquarters. Phones: Service/Intake and Administration (310) 605-5670 Visit Website Directions Get browser notifications for breaking news, live events, and exclusive reporting. Los Angeles, Calmes: Heres what we should do about Marjorie Taylor Greene, David Lindley, guitarist best known for work with Jackson Browne, dies at 78, ICE detainees allege retaliation for speaking about medical conditions at Otay Mesa center, Downtown L.A stabbing sends six to hospital suspect arrested, San Diego Roman Catholic diocese facing yet another lawsuit from its insurance company, K-Pop isnt the only hot ticket in Koreatown how trot is captivating immigrants, Los Angeles is suddenly awash in waterfalls. firefighter pleads guilty to 3 counts of manslaughter, is sentenced to probation, 3 demoted FDNY chiefs sue to get positions back after dramatic shakeup, Open the tools menu in your browser. You may occasionally receive promotional content from the Los Angeles Times. or a member of the Compton community? He must also register as an arson offender for life, the Los Angeles County district attorneys office said. Compton fire department chief heart 1980 tour dates ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Store in a covered jar or container in the refrigerator for 3 to 4 weeks. Remove from heat and allow to cool to room temperature. Bring to a boil, stirring, until sugar has completely dissolved. Simple syrup is so easy to make, and takes only about 5 minutes! In a medium saucepan over medium-high heat, stir together water and sugar. Fill with ice almost to the top of each glass, and then squeeze another small lime wedge over the top of each drink for those who like a little extra pucker. Then pour 1/2 cup of your chilled premix into each glass, followed by simple syrup (a little or a lot, depending on each guest's preference), and give a little stir. Give it a stir and then place in the refrigerator to chill.Īs you are creating margaritas for individual guests, moisten the rim of each glass with a lime wedge and then dip rims in a small plate of coarse salt, for those who prefer a salt-crusted rim. Prepare simple syrup up to a day in advance and let it chill in the refrigerator.Ībout 1 hour before guests are to arrive, measure tequila, Cointreau, and lime juice into a small pitcher. Squeeze a wedge or two of fresh lime over the top and then add the wedges to the drink. Give the drink a quick stir and then fill glass with ice. I usually add about 1 teaspoon per drink. Add simple syrup, according to your preference of sweetness. Pour tequila, Cointreau, and lime juice into glass. ![]() Then turn the glass over and dip into a small plate of coarse salt. If you like a salt-rimmed glass, moisten the rim of your glass with a lime wedge. Just be sure to stir well to fully dissolve sugar. Note: If making one drink, super fine sugar can work in a pinch in place of simple syrup. ![]() ![]() ![]() He also staged at Chef René Redzepi’s internationally acclaimed Noma in Copenhagen, Denmark, an experience that fostered his appreciation for foraging and other culinary techniques from around the world. Having grown up in Maryland, Rafidi spent time at other respected East Coast restaurants, including Blue Duck Tavern in D.C. In this role, he supported the culinary management of the group’s multinational properties and was pivotal in opening eight of those concepts. Having served Middle Eastern fare since 1971, this restaurant has two locations serving up all the classics like kebabs, shawarmas and even whole roasted lamb. In May 2022, Albi was awarded a coveted Michelin Star.īefore making his mark on D.C.’s restaurant industry, Rafidi spent six years working alongside Michael Mina as Executive Chef of the lauded French restaurant RN74 in San Francisco, and as the Mina Group’s Corporate Chef. In February 2022, Rafidi was named a James Beard Semifinalist for Best Chef: Mid-Atlantic, and a finalist in the same category in 2023. He was a 2018 finalist for Rising Star Chef and a 2022 finalist for Chef of the Year in the Restaurant Association of Metropolitan Washington’s RAMMY Awards. Rafidi was recognized as Eater DC’s Chef of the Year in 2017. Inspired by his family’s roots in the Levant and grandparents' home cooking, Rafidi spent many years in some of the country’s finest kitchens before he opened Albi in early 2020. The menus reflect a creative update to traditional Arabic cuisine, with modern techniques utilizing the best the Mid-Atlantic has to offer. We Thank You All For Our Success And Your Continued Support.Michael Rafidi is the chef and owner of the Michelin-starred Albi, located in Washington, D.C.’s Navy Yard neighborhood. This was the area’s only bar at the time for patrons to drink, watch the game or debates, and have some traditional and non-traditional pub fare in the neighborhood. In 2008 the Middle Eastern Cuisine was expanded into The Olive Lounge. As they learned the ropes of the restaurant business, the sons decided Takoma Park needed a night life. Throughout the process of opening, operating, and selling businesses, The Hishmeh brothers passed along their skills and dedication to their sons. Having restaurant experience and ties to wholesalers, the restaurant was an immediate success and welcomed dearly by the neighborhood. In October of 2001 The Middle Eastern Cuisine was opened. As times changed, the market for Mediterranean food became more competitive, so they decide to open a Middle Eastern restaurant. Starting their wholesale business called Middle East Market. ![]() ![]() By doing so they were providing the neighborhood with a place to get various olives, cheeses, and dry goods. They converted it into one of the first Middle Eastern bakeries in the metropolitan area to bake fresh Pita.Īs their success continued, they decided to sell The Electric Maid and expand the bakery into a retail location in 1982. As they continued working hard, they later acquired that bakery. Located beside The Electric Maid was an American bakery the Hishmeh brothers also worked for. Their first endeavor here in Takoma Park was the opening of The Electric Maid, which occupied the space that is now Mark’s Kitchen. Explore other popular cuisines and restaurants near you from over 7 million businesses with over 142 million reviews and opinions from Yelpers. While bringing along a few possessions, they also brought their entrepreneurship and hard working spirits as they followed the American dream. Find the best Middle Eastern Food near you on Yelp - see all Middle Eastern Food open now and reserve an open table. The Hishmeh brothers arrived to the United States in the early 1970’s from Ramallah, Palestine. ![]() ![]() While we take pride in our extensive and diverse customer base, we never forget what's at the heart of our mission – meeting every customer's unique needs with friendly, knowledgeable and fast service. More than 40,000 companies of all sizes around the world trust us for websites, email and online services. Below is a list of 10 of the best PC Engine emulators that support SMS ROM games and other Sega games in the series: Genesis Plus GX. Our in-house website designers and developers continually deliver powerful new features to help you grow. We develop our own software and take great pride in our multiple state-of-the-art data centers, providing the best in security and reliability, so you can focus on what matters most to your business. Our solutions get you online quickly and help you increase sales – with the help of a dedicated support team. What We DoĪs a small business, we know how much work it takes to be successful, which is why we're committed to helping businesses thrive in an online world with professional websites, email services and effective online marketing. From the concept to the final product, we want to be a company that people think of when they need software solutions. Enable either the gamepad or the mouse using the Options tab in the menu.As an independent software design and development company, we use our technology to create software to help companies save and/or make money. Use circle, triangle, or R for right click. Control the mouse with the left analog stick or right analog stick. ![]() I’ve only tested it in Mario Paint, but it seems to be working fine. SMS Plus PSP v1.2. A new homebrew emulator for the Sony PlayStation Portable has been added to Uberjacks list of homebrew emulator releases. Simply connect the second controller and it will automatically work in the emulator using the same button configurations as player 1. Support for local multiplayer on PSTV using 2 connected wireless controllers. Roms must be placed inside ux0:/data/desmume/ RealBoy is a Free, Fast and Accurate, Game Boy/Game Boy Color/Super Game Boy Emulator by xerpiĭeSmuME-Vita This is a port of DeSmuME for the Vita. SMSPlusVita runs with sound and support savestates, config saving and screenshots. SMSPlusVita is a port of akop’s PSP emulator SMS Plus. ![]() SMSplusVITA by Frangar: Sega Master System / Game Gear emulator for PSVita. It is a port of Charles MacDonald's SMS Plus emulator to the Sony PlayStation Portable platform. Written by Akop Karapetyan (aka Uberjack) in C and uses GU (Graphical Utility toolkit) for rendering. NeopopVITA runs with sound and support savestates, config saving and screenshots. SMS Plus PSP v1.2.55 a Sega - Master System / Game Gear Emulator on the Playstation Portable platform << Go to Sega - Master System / Game Gear emulators list Release in January of 2009 this is a SMS emulator for the PSP. SMS Plus PSP is an emulator for Sega Master System and Game Gear for PSP. NeopopVITA is a port of akop’s PSP emulator Neopop. NeopopVITA by Frangar: Neogeo Pocket Color emulator for PSVita. HandyVITA by Frangar a Atari Linx emulator. It is based on CATSFC-libretro, which is based on Snes9x 1.43. ![]() Snes9xVITA by skogaby Native SNES emulator for the PlayStation VITA.ĬATSFC-libretro-vita is a SNES emulator for the PSVita and PSTV. MGBA by endrift Vita port of the mGBA, Game Boy Advance emulator. For a list of compatible games see : ĭownload: GenesisPlusVita or GenesisPlusGX ![]() There’s still a few things to improve (add touch support, flac support ?). The port is now in an usable state, and is working very fine on the vita. Here is a port of the excellent scummvm engine to the psvita. UAE4ALL is an Amiga 500/1200 emulator for the PSVita. PFBA is an arcade emulator supporting the following platforms: Capcom CPS-1, Capcom CPS-2, Capcom CPS-3, Cave, Data East DEC-0, DEC-8 and DECO IC16 based games, Galaxian based hardware, Irem M62, M63, M72, M90, M92 and M107 hardware, Kaneko 16, Konami, Neo-Geo, NMK16, Pacman based hardware, PGM, Psikyo 68EC020 and SH-2 based hardware, Sega System 1, System 16 (and similar), System 18, X-Board and Y-Board, Super Kaneko Nova System, Toaplan 1, Toaplan 2, Taito F2, X, Z and others, Miscellaneous drivers for lots of other hardware.įB Alpha also has WIP console drivers for Sega Megadrive/Genesis, ColecoVision, Sega SG-1000, Sega Master System/Game Gear and also PC-Engine/TurboGrafx 16/SuperGrafx. ![]() ![]() Similarly, the intrinsic geometry of sufficiently small parts of the elliptic plane is realized on surfaces of constant positive curvature (there are no surfaces in Euclidean space that realize the geometry of the whole hyperbolic plane). For this reason, the intrinsic geometry on a sufficiently small part of the hyperbolic plane coincides with the intrinsic geometry on the corresponding part of a surface of constant negative curvature. The axioms that determine the motion of figures are the same in all three geometries.Įxamples of theorems in non-Euclidean geometries.ġ) In hyperbolic geometry, the sum of the interior angles of any triangle is less than two right angles in elliptic geometry it is larger than two right angles (in Euclidean geometry it is of course equal to two right angles).Ģ) In hyperbolic geometry, the area of a triangle is given by the formula any two points of the plane not on a given straight line can be joined within the plane by a continuous curve that does not cut the straight line (the topological model of the elliptic plane is the projective plane). In addition, in Euclidean and hyperbolic geometries every straight line in a given plane divides the plane into two parts in elliptic geometry this is not true, i.e. similar to the order in the set of real numbers in elliptic geometry, the points of a straight line are cyclically ordered, like the points on a circle. Namely, in Euclidean and hyperbolic geometries, the order of the points on a straight line is linear, i.e. The relevant axioms of these geometries in which the differences occur are those that determine the order relations among the geometric elements. Thus, the axiom system underlying elliptic geometry must be different from that of Euclidean geometry not only in the replacement of one axiom - the parallelism axiom - but also in part of the other axioms. This axiom contradicts the system of axioms of Euclidean geometry with the parallelism axiom excluded. The axiom adopted in elliptic geometry is: Every straight line coplanar with another straight line intersects the latter. Which does not intersect it in hyperbolic geometry it is assumed that there are several such lines (and it can then be proved that there are infinitely many). There passes exactly one straight line coplanar with $ a $ Recall that according to the latter, through any point not lying on a given straight line $ a $ Hyperbolic geometry is based on the same axioms as Euclidean geometry, with the exception of the parallelism axiom. Non-Euclidean geometries as synthetic theories. 3 Non-Euclidean geometries in a group-theoretic context.2 Non-Euclidean geometries in a differential-geometric context.1 Non-Euclidean geometries as synthetic theories.Below, both non-Euclidean geometries and Euclidean geometry will be compared, first as synthetic theories, then in the context of differential geometry and, lastly, in the context of group theory. The simultaneous investigation of the three geometries has made it possible to reveal the special features of each to a considerable degree and also to determine their relationships with other geometric systems. The later-discovered elliptic geometry is in some respects the opposite of hyperbolic geometry. ![]() Hyperbolic geometry was the first geometric system distinct from Euclidean geometry, and the first more general theory (it includes Euclidean geometry as a limiting case). The major non-Euclidean geometries are hyperbolic geometry or Lobachevskii geometry and elliptic geometry or Riemann geometry - it is usually these that are meant by "non-Euclidean geometries". In the Euclidean three-dimensional space every figure can be moved in such a way that any selected point of the figure will occupy any prescribed position in addition, every figure can be rotated about any axis through any of its points. ![]() The degree of freedom of motion of figures in the Euclidean plane is characterized by the condition that every figure can be moved, without changing the distances between its points, in such a way that any selected point of the figure can be made to occupy a previously-designated position moreover, every figure can be rotated about any of its points. ![]() In the literal sense - all geometric systems distinct from Euclidean geometry usually, however, the term "non-Euclidean geometries" is reserved for geometric systems (distinct from Euclidean geometry) in which the motion of figures is defined, and this with the same degree of freedom as in Euclidean geometry. ![]() |
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